Guides

Stunning Innerspring Mattresses: Best Picks for Comfort

by
Best Inner Spring Mattresses

Old is gold. The innerspring mattress is proof. It has stood the test of time despite the entry of newer technologies and a host of innovations in the mattress market. The mattress has been around since the 1930s, and it is still going strong. Even today, two-thirds of the mattresses bought are innerspring.  Its earlier avatar, the box spring mattress was invented in the late nineteenth century but gave way to the innerspring after ruling the market for almost four decades. The new market entrants have also become popular over time. However, they have not been able to erode the innerspring market share.

Affordability and the tried-and-trusted factor account for the sustained popularity of the innerspring mattresses. This is backed by its suitability for a wide range of sleepers. The innerspring is ideal for stomach sleepers, individuals with back pain, and the high-BMI persons. They are good for persons who over-heat in sleep. This is because they are cooler in nature than the memory foam and latex mattresses.

What Is the Structure of An Innerspring Mattress?

An innerspring mattress is made of three layers:

The Foundation Layer

It is usually made of wool or other cushiony materials. Its basic functions are to provide support and a soft shock-absorbing foundation for the coil structure on its top.

The Coil Compartment

The coil compartment houses the grid of coils. They are usually aligned vertically as well as horizontally. The coil count and thickness vary from brand to brand. Usually, the coils are covered with titanium or steel coating. It gives them extra strength and bounce factor. They also offer better body contouring and pressure relief. These coils are known as Marshall Coils.

The coil compartment is bound with a perimeter coil along the border. It keeps the coils together and retains the shape and firmness. The edge of the grid is reinforced with additional springs or foam material. This prevents the sleeper from falling off the bed.

The Top Layer

This is the comfort layer. Usually, it is made of foam, latex or fiber. It offers the mattress its comfort and cushiony feel.  Sometimes, an intermediate layer separates it from the coil compartment. It prevents the upholstery from getting deformed or sinking due to the pressure of the springs. This layer is made from a tough but padded material that possesses an insulating property.

Does the Coil Count Matter?

Yes and no.

Yes, because the number of springs is directly proportionate to the mattress’s strength, springiness, contour support, and comfort factors. As a general rule, denser coil grids produce better mattress quality.

However, this notion has changed over time. Innovations have made it possible to achieve better results with fewer coils, or even vice versa. Recent developments in the innerspring structure are:

  • Lesser coils with thicker gauge
  • Thinner coil gauge but denser structure
  • Optimum coil count with better coil quality

So, it all depends on the type of coil.

A few points to ponder on the coil count debate:

  • Research has confirmed that most of us sleep on our sides. Now, the side does not have the same profile as the back or front of the body. It is more contoured. Side-sleeping also produces most stress on the pressure points such as the neck, shoulders, and hips. Moreover, the spine is also differently aligned to the bed than in a flat sleeping position. And finally, side-sleeping puts lesser weight on the mattress. Hence, lesser coils with a thicker gauge work better with a majority of sleepers.
  • As for the coil gauge, number 14 which is 1.63 mm thick is considered ideal for modern designs. It is important to note that the lesser the gauge, the thicker the coil thickness. A 12-gauge wire is thicker than a 14-gauge one.
  • Coil count is optimized at 400 or less. Mattresses with increased coil count tend to be uncomfortably
  • Mattress structures which opt for lesser coil count and thicker coils may be good to sleep on in a store. However, they can sag sooner than the other types of coils.

Ultimately, customization is the best policy. Buy a mattress that is best for your type of body and sleeping habit. Do consult the sales staff before taking a final decision.

What Are the Types of Coils Used in Innerspring Mattress?

Manufacturers make fancy claims with marketing jargon. However, it is important to note that basically, there are only four types of coil used in innerspring mattresses. Often times, competing brands use their coil from the same supplier!

Open Coil or Bonnell Coil

This type of coils was used in the buggy seats of during the 19th century. They are still the most common coils used in innerspring mattresses. Bonnell coils are hourglass shaped. They are joined with the neighboring coils by small wire spirals known as helical. Despite their sustained popularity, open coils are being slowly edged out by technologically superior options. Their main drawback is that they lose bounce soon. The mattress sinks from the center or gets deformed at the edges. Also, the springs become creaky and noisy over time.

Offset Coil

This is the next generation of the Bonnell coil. It has a square top as opposed to the circular one of open coils. The coil shape is more cylindrical than the hourglass Bonnell. Although the most expensive coils, Offsets are preferred by discerning manufacturers for their durability.

Pocket Coil

These are also known as independent or Marshal coils.

Pocket coils are springs encased in individual fabric pockets. They are not naked as the other types of coils. This pocket or wrapping gives far superior contouring, weight distribution, and motion constraining properties to the bed. As a result, the mattress hugs the sleeper more closely. There is lesser sinking. And one partner does not get disturbed due to frequent movements of the other.

Pocket coils make good beds for those who move a lot during sleep, and overweight people.

Continuous Coil

As the name suggests, entire rows of coils are made from a continuous wire. They are attached to each other with helicals. Grids made of continuous coils have a lattice layout rather than the conventional rows. The continuous construction helps one coil to share the weight with the neighboring one. In this way, the weight is distributed evenly across the mattress surface. As a result, mattresses don’t deform easily.

Which Are the Top 5 Innerspring Mattresses?

Innerspring mattresses sell the most in the market. The onset of the online era has given a totally new dimension to sales lifecycles. Brands have now shifted from brick-and-mortar outlets to an online sale. Many have adopted the online-offline combined model. The online segment has become more aggressive in its marketing efforts. The reason is simple; the smaller stores have to compete with the giants like Amazon, Walmart, eBay, and a host of other major players. From coupons and vouchers to 0% APR, there is an ever-widening range of benefits offered to the shoppers.

This augurs well for the consumers. However, with a significant increase in brands, there can be a saturation of information and choices. This may lead to loss of focus and distraction from the core requirements. In many cases, marketers with lesser regard for good practices dole out extraordinary schemes. While they attract eyeballs, they may be misleading or plainly dishonest.

The shopper’s confusion and indecisiveness are increased by an interesting market trend. Even the reputed brands are offering so many variants and features. So one is unable to decide which ‘best brand’ to buy!

The market landscape is indeed cluttered, especially the online marketplace.

In due consideration of the market dilemma, a compilation of the top 5 brands is given below. This is to help the consumers make a choice that best suits their needs. However, it is not the final word. Readers may please note:

  • This is not an official compilation prepared or sponsored by an official agency.
  • There are quality bands available in the market, other than those mentioned in this list. Readers are advised to consider this as a representative list.
  • This top-5 list is in no way meant to be a direct or indirect recommendation for the brands included in the list.
  • This list is not a paid effort. The sole aim is to provide the readers with an unbiased and just review of some of the leading brands in the market.
  • This list does not follow an ascending or descending order of merit.
  • It is not possible to include all the features of the brands here. The main and important ones are included in the reviews.

Winkbeds

Winkbed Innerspring is the oldest mattress category. Each brand has included innovations as value additions. Winkbeds stands out in the crowd on four counts:

  • Revolutionary coil zone design; it has a unique coil-on-coil mechanism. It means that Winkbeds have two coil compartments – the first, in the foundation layer and the second in the middle layer.
  • A 2-tier comfort zone at the top which makes the mattress outstanding in terms of comfort, contouring, and bounce.
  • Specialty polyfoams that enhances the mattress quality and performance,

The Winkbeds Mattress Structure

It consists of three layers:

The foundation layer. As mentioned above, Winkbed’s unique foundation layer doubles up as the first coil zone. It has a soft foam base to act as a shock absorber. Moreover, it has a 7.5” high grid of pocketed coils. These are coil casings with a foam-wrap that boost the edge support. Hence, it is a foundation layer and also the first coil zone.

The middle layer. It is a 2.5” grid of micro coils that are encased in specialty foam. They increase the springiness and give the mattress extra support.

The comfort layer. This top layer is made of two different foams. The first is a 1.5” gel-infused polyfoam, and the second, a 1.5” polyfoam with the quality and feel of natural latex. The combination of the two top layers produces a luxurious and comfortable feeling that is distinct of Winkbeds innerspring beds.

Winkbeds Firmness Levels

The brand offers three firmness levels:

  • Soft – measuring 4.5 on the firmness scale
  • Luxury – 6.5 on this scale
  • Firm – 7.5 on this scale

Apart from this, Winkbeds also offers the Winkebeds Plus firmness variant. It is meant for persons with 300+ lbs weight. This special category replaces the micro coil layer with a latex layer. This gives the required extra support for overweight people. The firmness level of Winkbeds Plus is 6.5.

Warranty, Free Trial, And More

WInkbeds offers 120 nights’ “Sweet Sleep Guarantee.” It is important to note that the company uses the term ‘guarantee’ in place of the usual ‘warranty.’ This implies brand confidence. To top this, the company also offers a lifetime warranty. Other consumer offerings include free delivery, free returns, and free pick-up if the consumer wants to return the mattress.

Price of Winkbed Innerspring Mattress

Winkbeds Innerspring Queen mattress is priced $849 for twin XL, $1299 for Queen, and $1499 for King. The slightly pricey mattresses are value for money, considering the features and the double coil and top layers.

Read the full Winkbeds Mattress review or Shop Winkbeds

Brentwood Home Oceano

Brentwood Home OceanoThis luxury innerspring mattress comes from the thoroughbred Brentwood stable. The company has been manufacturing fine mattresses for over 30 years. Brentwood has an inborn liking for innerspring mattresses. Through in-house innovation and technological adoptation, it has constantly updated its spring mattresses. The Oceano is Brentwood’s yet another breakthrough in spring hybrids. It is an important update in spring-foam combination. It offers the pressure relieving goodness of spring technology with the next-level luxurious comfort of gel memory foam.

Although a hybrid, the Oceano gives the sleep quality of a thoroughbred.

The structure of the Oceano mattress

This structure is designed to deliver high performance. Rather than relying on the standard 3-layer design, the company has produced a thoughtful 5-layer construction. Its focus is on maximizing comfort and optimizing the springy bounce, so that the sleeper does not sink too deep or feel that the mattress is too hard to sleep on.

The structure incorporates two alternating layers of foam and coils, apart from the base and comfort layers.

The base layer

This mattress is significantly heavier than its peers. Against an average innerspring mattress weight of around 65 lbs., the Oceano weighs 113 lbs. Hence, a sturdy base is very important. This extra dense foam layer provides not only strength, but also stability to the bulk above it.

The first coil layer

This 8” layer is made of over 1000 individually wrapped coils in a typical Queen size Oceano mattress. These coils have varying firmness, depending on where they are placed. Its surface is divided into five zones. Three of them are in the main body of the mattress. They provide support to the head, shoulders, and legs. The remaining two zones are on the edges. They enhance the edge support.

The first foam layer

It is a 2” Airlux foam layer. It acts as an effective intermediate layer for the two coil layers placed beneath and above it. The foam is firm enough not to let the mattress sag over time. Yet, it is soft enough to be responsive to the body weight of the sleeper. The clever layer design makes Oceano an ideal mattress for heavy sleepers.

The second coil layer

This layer is made of 2.5” individually wrapped microcoils. They provide more responsive support than the bigger coils. They also inhibit motion transfer more effectively.

The second foam layer

This 2” gel memory foam layer improves the comfort and contouring factors. Being cooler than other foams, it also provides a cozier sleep.

The comfort layer

The .5” quilt layer is made of finest quality New Zealand wool. It acts an excellent heat regulating agent. Hence, it keeps the mattress cool during the hot months and warm in winters. The New Zealand wool gives exceptional comfort.

The smart structure design of Oceano unfolds the true essence of hybrid mattresses. it complements the bounce of the springs with the comfort of the foams.

The salient features of Oceano

Apart from the ground-breaking 5-layer structure design, the Oceano mattress has the following salient features:

  • All the materials are non-toxic
  • No flame-retardant chemicals
  • Mattress certified by CertiPUR-US
  • Excellent temperature regulation
  • Outstanding air circulation
  • Moisture wicking on the quilt surface
  • Ideal for all surfaces – box, flat platform, adjustable beds, or slated base

Consumer offerings

The Oceano story does not end with superior design and performance. The company matches them with outstanding consumer offerings:

  • 120 nights’ free trial
  • Free shipping accompanied by free return – if ever a customer is dissatisfied
  • 25 years’ warranty
  • 0% APR

Oceano price

One would think that with all the luxury and style of Oceano, it must cost a fortune. However, the mattress is humbly priced. Its discounted prices are the final pleasant surprise!

  • Twin – $845
  • Twin XL – $1015
  • Queen – $1270
  • King – $1695
  • California King – $1695
  • Split King – $1865

Read the full Oceano Mattress review or Shop Brentwood Home

Dreamcloud

Dreamcloud MattressThe Dreamcloud mattress is truly an exceptional hybrid. Apart from the spring-foam cross, it also offers another mixing – affordable luxury and amazing sleep quality.

There is more, but first, the legendary Dreamcloud mattress structure.

The Dreamcloud mattress structure

The mattress is made of not three or 5, but eight layers. Starting from the base, these are:

Hi-density foam base

The extra dense foam material has a strong body and a soft heart. It offers excellent support and strength to the mattress. On the other hand, its soft core ensures that motion transfer is minimized.

Pocketed coil zone

This rests above the base foam. It is made of pocketed microcoils. The coils are spread across five different zones. They offer varying strength and firmness as required by the body area. The superior compression generated by the composite system provides whole-body support.  This layer also helps in reducing motion transfer.

Memory foam layer

This foam is of finest quality available in the market. It is very dense and very soft at the same time. As a result, the entire body gets even support.

Second memory foam layer

The plush, high density foam supplements the action of the memory foam layer beneath it.

Latex layer

Then comes the latex foam layer. It is premium quality natural latex. Being hypoallergenic, it will keep mattress allergies out of the bed. The combination of cushioning and springiness provides a hugging contouring for the entire body.

Quilted memory foam layer

One more memory foam layer! But it is not just foam, it is quilted foam. This pampering softness gets all the more endearing as the sleeper gently drifts into peaceful sleep.

Gel-infused memory foam layer

The foam enhances body contouring. The gel acts as a cooling agent. And it also supports the body in a soft manner. The feeling is akin to being cradled in luxurious softness.

Tufted cashmere Euro-top

Finally, a hand-tufted top cover that gives a super-premium sleeping experience. It is spoiling, really! The cashmere provides remarkable breathability and dreamy softness.

The unique 8-layer construction leaves little or no room for any performance gap. The material, design, and craftsmanship are of ultimate quality. With a Dreamcloud in one’s bedroom, they will not miss the exclusivity of a 7-star luxury resort.

Dreamcloud firmness level

The mattress offers luxury firmness. It measures 6.5 on the 1-10 firmness scale.

Exclusive consumer offerings

A quality product is half of any marketing success story. The other half is customer service and offerings. Dreamcloud completes the circle with these industry-leading offerings:

  • White-glove in-home delivery and installation
  • Ever-long warranty. The company offers a benchmarking warranty that covers the entire ownership lifespan. It is valid for as long as one owns the mattress.
  • 365-nights’ trial
  • A 1-year trial period! The company logic behind this exceptional offering is simple. One should experience the Dreamcloud for one full seasons-cycle before buying it!
  • Free shipping
  • It is rare that a customer would be dissatisfied with the Dreamcloud mattress after the 1-year trial. However, in that eventuality, the company offers two services. No-questions-asked refund and free pick-up of the mattress.

Dreamcloud prices

The following is the mattress’s price range:

  • Full: $999
  • Queen: $1,199
  • King: $1,299
  • California King: $1,299

Doesn’t seem like one has to break a bank to own a Dreamcloud!

The Dreamcloud bottom line: Luxury can be strong and soft at the same time. And the price need not burn a hole in one’s pocket. Read the full Dreamcloud Mattress review or Shop Dreamcloud

Alexander Signature Hybrid

Alexander HybridThe mattress comes from one of the trusted players – Nest Bedding. It is a luxury hybrid in the next-generation category. The mattress incorporates several technological advances in its folds.

The Alexander hybrid comes with a unique feature of copper-infused memory foam. It has several standalone benefits for the user. The mattress’s other distinguisher is its Thermic Phase Change Cooling Fabric. This is a hallmark of cool and comfortable sleep quality.

The Alexander hybrid mattress construction

The mattress has a 4-layer structure as below:

The base layer

It is a 8” foundation layer made of pocketed coils.

Smart foam layer

This is a 1” layer made of smartflow foam. It is a 3 lbs. foam that provides balanced support and comfort.

This layer is made of 3”, 2.5 lbs.  Energex foam. Copper is universally associated with cooling and pain relieving properties. This specialty foam firstly makes the mattress cooler with better heat exchange. Secondly, it also provides relief in joint pain and aches, and back pain.

Quilted top layer

This layer is made from 1”, 4 lbs. soft foam. It is covered with a soft stretch fabric that is cool in nature. The fabric is pre-quilted with the foam.

Firmness levels

Alexander hybrid is available in three firmness levels:

Luxury firm: 2.5 on the firmness scale

Medium: 5.5 to 6 on the firmness scale

Plush: 7 to 7.5 on this scale

Bed firmness is a major factor that impacts the sleep quality. It also affects body joints and spine health in the long term. The above three firmness levels give the users the benefit of customization.

Unique consumer offerings

Alexander hybrid offers the following:

  • 100 nights’ free in-home trial. This means that the consumer can have the mattress delivered at their home for trial.
  • Lifetime warranty. This is a feather in the offerings cap of Alexander hybrid. No every manufacturer offers this after-sales service.
  • Free shipping.
  • Free exchanges.
  • Free return. In case the user is not satisfied with the mattress after trial, they can return it without any obligations attached.
  • 0% APR financing.

Apart from these offerings, Nest Bedding gives Lifetime Comfort Guarantee. This is an industry-first policy.

Prices

Alexander hybrid mattress is available at below prices:

  • Twin: $949
  • Twin XL: $1149
  • Full: $1349
  • Queen: $1599
  • King: $1799
  • California King: $1799

Read the full Alexander Hybrid review or Shop Nest Bedding

Avocado

Avocado Mattress The mattress has the unique distinction to be the highest rated innerspring mattress by consumer reports in 2018.

The mattress market is flush with many interesting innovations. Different players are trying to differentiate their products through imaginative designs, material combinations, and advanced technologies.

The Avocado mattress is one such innovation. It combines eco-friendly materials with the age-old innerspring technology. The result is a different kind of hybrid – Green hybrid! The company claims that it uses natural latex, organic cotton, and JOMA wool. these material have nil or minimal environmental impact.

Avocado’s other outstanding claim is that it uses as many as 1,330 support coils in the mattress’s construction. This density is unusual in the mattress market. More importantly, the mattress’s structural design maximizes the coil impact.

Last but nonetheless least, the price. Common thinking is that innovative products are pricey. However, Avocado is priced sensibly to offer value for money. At around $1399 for a mattress consisting of 1330 coils, it’s just $1 per coil!

Avocado mattress is Green Guard Gold certified.

Construction of Avocado mattress

The bed three layers:

The base layer is made of individually pocketed coils. They are 16 gauge springs laid out in three different zones. The division helps in offering different support levels to different parts of the body.

Middle layer

This is a pillow-top layer. It is made of two 2” Dunlop latex layers. The two layers provide enhanced comfort and support.

Top layer

It is an organic cotton cover covered with hand-tufted JOMA wool rosettes. The sophisticated looking cover is also very functional. It offers warmth, insulation, comfort, and better heat exchange.

Consumer offerings

Avocado offers the following concumer benefits:

  • 25 years’ warranty
  • 100 nights’ trial
  • Free shipping or optional in-home delivery
  • 0% APR

Avocado price range

This is as below:

  • Twin: $959
  • Twin XL: $999
  • Full: $1199
  • Queen: $1399
  • King: $1699
  • California King: $1699

Read the full Avocado Mattress Review or Shop Avocado

Conclusion

The innerspring mattress has survived for almost eight decades. The mattress market is a jungle. As the saying goes, it is survival of the fittest. The innerspring mattresses have proved their fitness on the strength of their springs. To coin a catch-phrase, some springs die hard.

What has caused these mattresses to sustain for so long? It is the originality of the idea. The nature of a spring is to recoil under pressure and to bounce when the pressure is released. Putting this simple principle to creative use, the German genius Heinrich Westphal invented the innerspring mattress in 1871. The idea and its application are so brilliant that they have not lost their sheen even today.

This review’s aim is to provide an unbiased and informative resource to consumers. In an over-informed marketplace, this concise review will perhaps help in filtering the noise and providing a voice.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Melatonin: The Must-Have Guide to Restful Sleep

by
melatonin pills

Melatonin Supplement Facts and Effects

Sleep is a vital aspect of human health, often regarded as more crucial than food. It equips our bodies with the ability to repair themselves, rejuvenating energy and enhancing brain function. Without sufficient sleep, productivity diminishes, and health problems can arise. Chronic sleep deprivation can lead to serious issues, including cognitive dysfunction and mood disorders.

Understanding the Sleep-Wake Cycle

Our natural sleep-wake cycle, known as the circadian rhythm, plays a fundamental role in maintaining healthy sleep patterns. While it’s essential to get adequate sleep, it’s equally important that we adhere to a consistent sleep schedule. For instance, staying awake all night and sleeping during daytime hours can lead to drowsiness when one should be alert—this may even indicate a sleep disorder. Alarmingly, excessive daytime sleepiness is a significant contributor to road accidents, underscoring the importance of proper sleep hygiene.

One of the primary factors influencing our sleep quality is hormonal regulation. The hypothalamus, located deep in the brain, helps sync our internal clock with external cues, predominantly the light from the sun. This normalization of the circadian rhythm is orchestrated through hormones like melatonin and cortisol.

The Role of Melatonin in Sleep

Melatonin, often touted as the sleep hormone, is secreted by the pineal gland primarily during the night. Its rise in the evening—typically between 8 PM and 9 PM—signals the body that it’s time to prepare for rest by reducing body temperature and inducing drowsiness. Conversely, during daylight hours, melatonin production drops to negligible levels, prompting our systems to stay awake and engaged.

The interplay between light exposure and melatonin production is crucial. During periods of bright light, a specific area in the hypothalamus, known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), activates signals that increase body temperature and cortisol levels, while melatonin is withheld. This phenomenon is why melatonin has been likened to Dracula—it thrives only in the darkness.

Factors Influencing Melatonin Production

Causes of Excess Melatonin

Elevated melatonin levels can disrupt sleep cycles and may stem from various factors. Some common reasons for excessive melatonin production include:

– Limited Sunlight Exposure: Prolonged time away from natural sunlight, especially during winter, can cause the body to overproduce melatonin, often leading to seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
– Liver Dysfunction: Since melatonin is metabolized in the liver, any dysfunction in liver activity can hinder its breakdown, leading to excessive drowsiness.
– Nutritional Imbalances: Overconsumption of vitamins B3 or B6 can inadvertently increase melatonin levels.
– Antidepressants: Certain medications designed to calm the mind can inadvertently increase melatonin production, causing daytime fatigue.

Causes of Low Melatonin

On the other hand, a deficiency in melatonin production is more common and has its own array of causes:

– Excessive Daylight Exposure: Spending too much time outside in sunny conditions can suppress melatonin production, leading to insomnia and other sleep issues.
– Overexposure to Artificial Light: Devices such as smartphones and televisions emit blue light, which warns the brain to stay alert and suppresses melatonin production.
– Neurotransmitter Imbalance: Low serotonin levels can directly affect melatonin production since serotonin is the precursor to melatonin.
– Lifestyle Choices: The consumption of excessive alcohol or caffeine, especially close to bedtime, can adversely affect melatonin levels.

Exploring Melatonin Supplements

Given the widespread challenges associated with sleep disorders, melatonin supplements have gained popularity. Initially targeted at older adults with insomnia due to decreased melatonin production, these supplements now serve a broader audience facing various sleep-related issues.

Melatonin supplements can come in several forms, including pills, liquids, and chewable tablets—either synthetic or natural. Most commercially available melatonin is synthetic due to its purity and lower risk of contamination.

Who Should Consider Melatonin Supplements?

Melatonin supplements may prove beneficial for individuals who:

– Experience disrupted sleep patterns due to shift work or frequent travel across time zones (jet lag).
– Struggle with insomnia or delayed sleep phase syndrome, finding it difficult to fall asleep before the early hours of the morning.

While melatonin supplements are widely accessible over-the-counter in some regions, they are not regulated by the FDA, making consultation with a healthcare provider essential before starting any supplementation.

Safety and Dosage Considerations

Melatonin is generally regarded as safe, but excessive use can lead to unwanted side effects, including daytime sleepiness, headaches, and digestive issues. Recommended dosages typically range from 0.1 to 0.3 milligrams, taken about an hour before bedtime. Tackling sleep issues should start with lifestyle changes and natural sleep hygiene practices before resorting to supplements.

Conclusion

Melatonin supplements can provide a helpful solution for certain sleep disorders, but they are not a panacea. Effective sleep hygiene and lifestyle modifications should always be considered first. If you struggle with sleep issues, consulting a sleep specialist can help identify the root cause and establish a safe, effective treatment plan. By understanding how melatonin functions and knowing when to seek help, you can optimize your sleep and overall well-being.

Mattress Sizes: The Ultimate Guide to Effortless Comfort

by
Mattress Sizes

Here are the dimensions for some common mattress sizes in the United States:

  1. Twin: 38 inches wide by 75 inches long (96.5 cm x 190.5 cm)
  2. Twin XL: 38 inches wide by 80 inches long (96.5 cm x 203 cm)
  3. Full/Double: 54 inches wide by 75 inches long (137 cm x 190.5 cm)
  4. Queen: 60 inches wide by 80 inches long (152.5 cm x 203 cm)
  5. King: 76 inches wide by 80 inches long (193 cm x 203 cm)
  6. California King: 72 inches wide by 84 inches long (183 cm x 213.5 cm)
  7. Alaskan King: 108 inches wide by 108 inches long (274 cm x 274 cm)
hollywood celebrity mattresses

When buying a mattress, size isn’t the first thing that people consider. Other factors like firmness and material usually come first. While they are indeed important, the size of the mattress is also essential. To determine the right size of the mattress, you have to consider the size of the room, as well as the size and shape of the bed. How big is your bed? Will the mattress leave enough leg room? What is the shape of the bed? All these factors go into deciding the right mattress size. If you are buying a mattress to place on the floor, you must consider the heights of the sleepers and the size of the room. The mattress should be big enough to be comfortable, but not so big that it doesn’t leave any space in the room.

You might think that you would be able to understand the different sizes of beds easily, but it isn’t so. With an overwhelmingly large number of sizes, choosing the right mattress can be a lot more complicated than we usually imagine. What exactly is the size of your bed? Is it a king or a queen? And what is the difference between a queen and a double mattress? Since a mattress has a great impact on your sleep and overall health, you need to find the perfect size for your bed. Only the right mattress will be able to provide the best comfort and sleep.

Why There Are Different Mattress Sizes?

Mattresses come in different sizes because no two persons, no two rooms, and no two rooms are alike. What fits a square bed will not fit a rectangular bed. There are also circular beds nowadays, and they need a completely different type of mattress. Some beds are too small, barely able to fit one person. Some beds are larger where two children can fit comfortably. Standard single beds have enough room for one grown person, while full-size beds are right for two people. Some beds are also big enough to fit three. Kids beds and bunk beds are usually smaller and narrower and need smaller mattresses.

To complicate matters further, mattress size varies from one country to another. If a person from Europe buys a mattress in the US, there’s a good chance of getting all confused. The first thing that you are asked when you go for mattress shopping is the size you are looking for. Unfortunately, it isn’t at all easy to decide a size from the various beds on display at the store. If you give a vague reply, you will come home with the wrong mattress. Therefore, knowing the dimensions of the bed should come before mattress shopping.

Who Decides the Mattress Size and Dimensions?

Mattresses sizes vary widely by country. In countries like Canada, mattress sizes begin from baby cribs, while in Australia, they begin from single beds. Names and dimensions vary considerably from one region to another, and most countries also have their own standards and terminologies for different mattresses. Two mattresses with the same name and nominal size may have different dimensions, while two mattresses with different names may have the same size. This is because of materials used, thickness, supper type, amount of padding and other manufacturing tolerances. Everywhere around the world, standard beds are square and rectangular, but special shapes, such as circular, can be custom made.

Before going for mattress shopping, it is recommended that you get familiar with the mattress sizing guidelines of your region. This will help you select the accurate size for your bed.

How to Determine Your Mattress Size and Requirements?

There are two ways to determine your mattress size. The first involves measuring your bed, and the second involves measuring your existing mattress. It is recommended that the mattress be at least four inches longer than the tallest person to sleep on it.

Make sure to strip your bed of all sheets and covers before measuring it. Measure the length and the breadth accurately, either in inches or centimeters. Next, find the mattress size guide for your region and figure out what standard size best matches your bed. If you have bought mattresses earlier for your bed and know the standard size, the process becomes a lot easier.

What are the Different Mattress Sizes?

 

ype of MattreSize (Inches)Intended UserCot or Small Single Mattress30 X 75Best suited for babies and toddlersTwin Mattress38 X 75Toddlers who no longer can sleep comfortably in a crib. Also ideal for single adults, bunk bed or a daybed.Twin XL Mattress38 X 80Best suited to be used with adjustable bed frames by kids or tall adults.Full Size Mattress54 X 75Ideal for singles, couples who can accommodate easily, to sleep with a pet or a child.Full XL Sized Mattress54 X 80Suited for couples who cannot accommodate Queen Size Mattress due to small bedroom size.Queen Sized Mattress60 X 80Most ideal for someone who needs lot of space to sleep. Prefect for most couples.King Sized Mattress76 X 80Perfect for couples who need lot of space while sleeping.alifornia King Sized Mattress72 X 84A bit longer than Queen Sized Mattress, ideal for tall couples.

There are a wide variety of mattress sizes and dimensions. Here we take a look at some of the standard sizes.

Small Single or Crib Mattress: This is the smallest available mattress size in the world, meant for newborns, infants, and babies. This is usually the first mattress a person ever sleeps on. Take note that this size isn’t available in every country. For instance, in Australia, this isn’t a standard size and has to be custom made. The small single or crib size mattress has the dimensions of 30 inches X 75 inches in the US and Canada, and 24 inches X 75 inches in UK and Ireland. It is vital to get the size right when buying a mattress for your baby. Always buy the crib first, and then the mattress. Size is more important for a crib mattress than any other mattresses. The mattress should fit the crib exactly, leaving no space between the bedding and the frame. Any space between the mattress and the crib can get the baby trapped and cause injury. Also make sure to choose a firm mattress, because softer mattresses have greater sinkage and have been found to cause suffocation.

Single or Twin: Also used for bunk beds, this is usually the smallest adult bed size in most countries. Although single or twin beds are available all over the world, the dimensions vary from one region to another. In the US, the dimensions are 38 inches × 75 inches, while in the UK and Ireland, they are 35 inches × 75 inches, and in Australia, the dimensions are 36-inch × 74 inches. When picking a single or twin bed size, always refer to the size chart applicable to your region.

Twin beds are usually the least expensive of all adult mattresses and happen to be rectangular in shape. As the name suggests, single mattresses are designed for single sleepers who do not need much space in the bed, or want to fit a bed in a small bedroom or dorm room. Although two adults will not be able to share a twin size bed, two kids can easily sleep together on it, or an adult with a small child.

Twin XL: This size is available only in certain regions, like the US and Europe. Usually the next size after single or twin, it is a little longer in length, and measures 38 inches × 80 inches in the US, and 35 inches × 83 inches in Europe.

Much like twin mattresses, twin XL mattresses are designed for taller, single sleepers who don’t move around at night. Twin XL mattresses can also be shared by two kids or an adult and a child. A single adult can also fit in a small pet. Twin XL beds save space in the room. If you are a tall individual and sleep alone, then the Twin XL size is much better for you compared to the standard single or twin.

King Single/ Super Single: The King single is the right size for medium-sized rooms that don’t have space for a full bed. Unfortunately, the King single isn’t a standard size in most countries. It is only available in Australia, New Zealand, and Europe. In Australia and New Zealand, the King Single measures 42 inches × 80 inches, while in Europe the dimensions are 42 in × 79 inches. If you need this size in the US, you can get it custom made.

The king single is the largest single bed available. It is perfect for single sleepers who move around during the night, teens and growing kids, and also for sharing with a pet. It can also be the right size for a small guest room. In places where this size is available, the King single is actually a popular choice because it’s smaller than a double bed but larger than twin XL. Perfect for saving space in a room, a King single mattress will allow a single sleeper (or two kids) to be comfortable while leaving enough space in the room for other furniture.

Small Double: Also called three-quarter, this is a little smaller than a full double bed and measures 48 inches x 75 inches in the US and the UK. Small double mattresses are the go-to option for those looking for a slightly bigger mattress that’s smaller than a double. If your bedroom doesn’t have a lot of space, then a small double lets you enjoy the feel of a double bed while also saving space. A small double can also be shared by two people if they are not too active during the night.

Besides, it is also a great choice for growing children who don’t yet need a double bed. When your child starts to grow out of the existing single bed, a small double is a perfect size that will save space, give enough room to sleep comfortably, and also make them feel like they have a bed like yours. The small double isn’t available in Europe and Australia, but available in Japan and some of the Scandinavian regions.

Double: Also called full, this is a standard bed size that’s available all over the world. But the dimensions vary from one country to another. A double bed is smaller than a Queen but larger than a Twin XL. Modern double mattresses are designed for single people who want more space than what’s offered by a Twin XL. Even till a few years ago, the double bed was the standard mattress size for couples; in fact, that’s where the name ‘double’ comes from. But after the Queen came in, that is what is more preferred these days.

Queen: This is the standard mattresses for couples. It has been designed for couples, with a suitable width for sharing and a length that’s long enough for most people (except if you are Michael Jordan). Most couples today find the Queen more cost-effective and spacious than the double. It measures 60 inches x 80 inches and comfortably fits a spacious room. Unless a room is too small, a Queen bed usually saves floor space

King: The King size mattress is aptly called so because it is the largest and the most luxurious of all sizes. Unfortunately, the King bed will only fit rooms that are large. In a big room, a King mattress will fit nicely while also leaving enough space for other furniture. The King bed was mainly designed for couples to sleep comfortably without feeling cramped, but that doesn’t mean others cannot sleep on it. If you prefer to sleep on a large bed with plenty of room to sprawl, the King bed will let you sleep like a king. In most countries, the size of the King mattresses is either 76 inches x 80 inches, or 76 inches x 60 inches. As evident from the dimensions, the King mattress is square in shape. Keep in mind; it’s also one of the most expensive mattresses.

California King: If your feet hang off the bed even on a King mattress, you need the California King. There isn’t much difference between King and Cal King, except that four inches have been removed from the width and added to the length. The Cal King is the longest mattress size, great for tall people. The prices of the King and the Cal King sizes have little difference between them, just like their dimensions.

While it’s difficult to say for sure, it is often assumed that California king mattresses are more popular in California due to the name association. However, there is no concrete evidence to support this claim, and the popularity of California king mattresses can vary depending on factors such as regional preferences, availability, and personal preferences.

California king mattresses were originally designed in the 1960s for Hollywood celebrities, who wanted an extra-long mattress that could accommodate their tall frames. Since then, California king mattresses have become more widely available and are popular among many people who value the extra length.

It’s also worth noting that standard king-size mattresses remain the most popular mattress size in the United States overall, according to industry data. However, the popularity of different mattress sizes can vary depending on factors such as geography, demographics, and marketing.

There is no single individual or company credited with creating the first California king mattress, as it likely evolved over time through a combination of consumer demand and mattress manufacturers experimenting with different sizes and designs. However, it is known that the California king size was not officially recognized as a standard size by the bedding industry until the 1980s, after it had gained popularity among consumers in California and other parts of the country.

 

If you’ve never paid much attention to mattress sizes, now is the time. The best thing to do is to measure your bed and then take the help of the storekeepers to make the right choice. The dimensions of an existing mattress should also work. Remember that a good night’s rest depends upon the mattress, so investing time and care in its purchase is highly essential.

Compare the most popular mattress brands

Unique Mattress Sizes

  1. Full XL – This size is wider and longer than a standard full-size bed, measuring 54 inches wide by 80 inches long. It can be a good option for couples who want a smaller bed but need more width than a twin or twin XL.

  2. RV/Short Queen – This size is commonly used in recreational vehicles and measures 60 inches wide by 74-75 inches long. It can be a good option for people who have limited space but still want a comfortable sleep surface.

The Alaskan King Mattress

An Alaskan king mattress is an oversized mattress that measures 108 inches wide by 108 inches long, making it one of the largest standard mattress sizes available. It is sometimes also referred to as an “Alaska king” or “Alaska bed.”

Due to its large size, an Alaskan king mattress is ideal for people who need extra space to sleep comfortably, such as families with children, couples with pets or individuals who simply enjoy having a lot of room to stretch out. However, it is important to note that finding bedding and accessories for an Alaskan king mattress can be challenging, as it is not a common size and may require custom-made items. Additionally, the size of the mattress can make it difficult to move and may not fit through narrow doorways or staircases, so it is important to consider these factors before purchasing an Alaskan king mattress.

Round Mattresses

Round mattresses are a unique type of mattress that, as the name suggests, have a circular shape rather than the traditional rectangular shape of most mattresses. Round mattresses can come in a variety of sizes, but they are typically smaller than standard sizes, such as twin or full size, and are often used as novelty items or for decorative purposes.

Some people find round mattresses to be comfortable and supportive, as they offer a uniform sleeping surface that can help distribute body weight more evenly. However, others may find the circular shape to be awkward or challenging to get used to.

Round mattresses can be harder to find and may be more expensive than traditional mattresses due to their unique design and manufacturing process. They may also require custom-made bedding and accessories. Additionally, the circular shape of the mattress may not fit well in standard bed frames, so it’s important to choose a compatible frame or consider purchasing a specialized bed designed for round mattresses.

Stunning Latex Mattress Guide: Best Choices for Comfort

by
Best Latex Mattress Reviews

Best Latex Mattress Reviews: Your Comprehensive Guide

When it comes to creating a cozy and elegant bedroom, the right elements play a crucial role. From beautiful decor to high-quality bedding, every detail matters. However, amidst all these essentials, one item often gets overlooked: the mattress. This is surprising, considering that we spend a significant amount of our lives resting on it.

The Importance of Choosing the Right Mattress

Statistics reveal that the innerspring mattress is the most commonly sold type in the U.S., yet it consistently ranks among the least satisfying options for consumers. In contrast, latex mattresses boast an impressive 80% satisfaction rate, while memory foam mattresses come in slightly higher at 81%. Given that a mattress typically lasts about ten years, selecting the right one is paramount for ensuring quality sleep and overall well-being.

Investing in a high-quality latex mattress can improve your health significantly. It alleviates various aches and pains and is particularly beneficial for those suffering from conditions like arthritis or spondylitis. A suitable mattress enables you to sleep soundly and wake up refreshed, contributing to a better quality of life.

Understanding Latex: The Material Behind the Comfort

Latex is tree sap, primarily derived from the rubber tree, which is primarily cultivated in Thailand, Indonesia, and several other countries. This sap is processed to create a milky white foam that solidifies into rubber, forming the basis of various products, including mattresses. One of the main reasons to choose a latex mattress over synthetics or foams is its longevity and durability.

Types of Latex Used in Mattresses

When shopping for a latex mattress, it’s essential to understand the different types available:

1. 100% Natural Latex: Composed entirely of natural rubber latex, these mattresses offer superior comfort and support but tend to be on the pricier side. Perfect for those committed to an organic lifestyle.

2. Natural Latex: This variety combines 85% natural rubber latex with 15% synthetic latex. It provides an excellent balance of comfort and durability, making it a popular option for budget-conscious consumers who still want quality.

3. Pure Latex: Composed of 20% natural latex and 80% synthetic, this type is the most affordable but doesn’t offer the same level of comfort as its natural counterparts.

Benefits of Choosing a Latex Mattress

One of the most effective ways to enhance your sleep quality is by investing in a latex mattress. Here are some compelling advantages:

– Organic and Healthy: Made from natural materials, latex is free from harmful chemicals, making it an eco-friendly choice. It is biodegradable and doesn’t emit toxic substances, contributing positively to your health.

– Comfort and Flexibility: Latex mattresses adapt to your body while providing excellent support, ensuring your spine remains aligned no matter how you sleep. This progressive comfort is ideal for reducing pressure points.

– Antibacterial Properties: Unlike memory foam, which can harbor dust mites and allergens, latex is naturally resistant to these issues, making it suitable for allergy sufferers.

– Breathability: Many consumers find themselves overheating during sleep, but latex mattresses excel in temperature regulation, maintaining a comfortable environment year-round.

– Support and Pressure Relief: The elasticity of latex provides optimal support for your body’s natural curves, helping alleviate muscle tension and improve circulation.

Potential Disadvantages to Consider

While latex mattresses have numerous advantages, a few potential downsides should be noted:

– A new latex mattress may feel firmer initially but typically softens with use.

– Synthetic latex mattresses may compress in specific areas over time, necessitating careful selection.

– They can be quite heavy, making relocation more challenging.

Dunlop vs. Talalay: Understanding Latex Manufacturing Processes

The differences between Dunlop and Talalay latex are subtle yet significant.

– Dunlop Latex: This is the traditional method, known for being energy-efficient. It results in a denser foam, providing a firm feel.

– Talalay Latex: This newer method is more complex and expensive, offering a lighter, airier feel. Although many believe Talalay is inherently softer than Dunlop, both processes can produce varying firmness levels.

Should You Consider Synthetic Latex?

Synthetic latex mattresses offer some advantages, such as lower cost, but they are made from chemicals that may contain harmful substances. If cost is a concern, synthetic latex can still provide decent comfort, although it may lack the longevity and health benefits of natural options.

Key Factors When Buying a Latex Mattress

When considering a new latex mattress, take the following factors into account:

– Blend: Opt for a mattress primarily composed of natural latex for health and comfort benefits.

– Firmness: Choose a firmness level that aligns with your sleeping preferences. Many brands offer trial periods, allowing you to make an informed choice.

– Breathability: Ensure adequate airflow to avoid overheating at night.

– Layers: A greater number of layers typically enhances support and comfort.

– Warranty and Certification: Look for a warranty of at least ten years and check for certifications ensuring quality materials.

Our Top Picks for the Best Latex Mattresses

Here are our top recommendations for latex mattresses that have gained widespread acclaim:

1. Zenhaven Mattress: A flippable mattress offering two firmness options and an extensive warranty period. Made with 100% Talalay latex.

2. Dreamfoam Bedding Ultimate Dreams: Known for its affordability and quality, featuring a supportive bamboo cover.

3. PlushBeds Botanical Bliss: This mattress allows for custom firmness configurations, making it a versatile choice for various sleeping styles.

4. Spindle Mattress: Features Dunlop latex and is adjustable according to your comfort preferences.

5. Eco Terra Luxury Latex Mattress: An all-natural mattress that excels in support and comfort without harmful substances.

Choosing the right latex mattress can profoundly impact your overall health and well-being. With various options available, ensure you consider all factors before making your purchase. Remember, a good night’s sleep begins with a quality mattress—don’t overlook this vital investment for your comfort and health.

Best Mattresses for Fibromyalgia

by
Best Mattress for Fibromayalgia

Fibromyalgia is a musculoskeletal condition that causes severe pain disorders to a person. It’s one of the most common chronic pain disorders that affect people in the U.S. The present research postulates that fibromyalgia disturbs the way the brain processes pain signals. People who suffer from fibromyalgia feel pain more severely than others do. Additionally, people with fibromyalgia also experience mood swings, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and sleep problems. According to latest studies, around 5 million Americans suffer from fibromyalgia. Moreover, this disorder is more prevalent in women than in men.

If you are suffering from fibromyalgia, selecting the right kind of mattress is important. It can help you in relieving some pain. These special mattresses help individuals with fibromyalgia to sleep better and wake up well rested in morning. On the other hand, if you choose the wrong kind of mattress, it can increase the fibromyalgia symptoms. Currently, there is no cure in medical science for fibromyalgia; however, you can combat its symptoms by making changes in your lifestyle. Fibromyalgia specialized mattresses support your joints and body posture while you sleep.

Here are 3 mattresses that are best suited for fibromyalgia patients.

Best Memory Foam Mattress for Fibromyalgia: Nectar Mattress

If you are suffering from a sore back or painful pressure points, this mattress is a good choice for you. This mattress offers therapeutic support that aligns your spinal cord for optimal position. This support is necessary for optimal sleep at night. The foam used in this mattress is of premium quality. This mattress has gel in its foam it makes it feel cooler. One of the benefits of such a feature is that it will prevent excessive sweating or hot flashes resulting because of fibromyalgia.

If you The Nectar mattress is an all memory foam mattress that does a wonderful job of contouring to all your pressure points while still keeping you supported. The quilted foam cover is unique in that you get a sort of pillow top feel without sinking in too much. This cover will sleep cool for a foam mattress and just feels great. Fibromyalgia sufferers will appreciate the weightless feel.

You can read the full Nectar mattress review here.

Best Natural Mattress for Fibromayalgia: Avocado

 If you averse to chemicals or just don’t like the feel of memory foam, a mattress made with natural latex is a great choice. The Avocado mattress is made with natural latex, springs, organic cotton and natural wool. With this mattress you don’t have to worry about any off gassing, it is ready to sleep on right upon opening.

I strongly recommend the pillow top option for the Avocado for Fibromayalgia sufferers. Without the pillow top, the mattress will simply be too firm.

Get the full Avocado Mattress review here.

Best Hybrid Mattress for Fibro Mayalgia: Brooklyn Bedding Aurora

 

The Brooklyn Bedding Aurora is a breathable, cool sleeping mattress with springs and foam. This mattress is made with their signature copper gel and titan flex foam. The 1.5 inches of copper gel foam promotes an antibacterial sleeping environment while the titan flex foam is immediately responsive so won’t leave you feeling stuck but also offers optimum pressure relief. The base layer of coils allows you to sink into the mattress more than a memory foam mattress without losing support. This helps cradle your body and lessens the need to shift positions overnight. Additionally, the Aurora comes with a phase chance cover that is cool to the touch creating an environment that will make you less prone to overheating.

Get the full Aurora mattress review here

All the above mattresses discussed come with an excellent warranty on the products and all have a free trial period where if you’re not happy with the mattress, returns are free.  Remember that choosing the perfect mattress for your needs, when you are fighting from fibromyalgia, is extremely important. Do not waste your time on a mattress with sub par materials. You can save your money on the pills and doctor’s fees by choosing a mattress that will give you relief from fibromyalgia to a great extent.

Sleep Stages and Sleep Cycles: Must-Have Insights for Rest

by
sleep stages and sleep cycles explained

Besides food, sleep is the most important requirement of every living being, including humans. Sleep refreshes and rejuvenates us, helping our bodies repair and recharge. Sleep stages and sleep cycles play a very crucial role in this process. Whether we are tired, sick, or stressed, sleep heals and re-energizes us.

The process of sleep can be complicated to understand. It isn’t as simple as closing our eyes and dozing off. Several complex processes take place in the brain, bringing about sleep. Our brains work as hard while we are sleeping as when we are awake. Sleep is divided into different stages and cycles. Controlled by the production of hormone regulation, muscle recovery, and memory formation, the primary sleep hormone, the hypothalamus signals the rest of the body if it is time to sleep or to stay awake. Disruption in melatonin production affects the normal sleep-wake cycle.

To understand sleep, we need to understand the different sleep stages and sleep cycles in detail.

What Are Different Sleep Stages?

When we sleep, our brains pass through five different stages, ranging from light to deep sleep. The stages are classified into REM (rapid eye movement) and NREM (non-rapid eye movement) sleep. During the night, our bodies go through the five stages four to five times. Each cycle consists of the five stages. This means, while we sleep, our bodies go through four or five sleep cycles. Each cycle of sleep is roughly 90 minutes long. In an 8-hour sleep, there are four to five 90 minute cycles. In infants and children, each stage is about 50 to 60 minutes long.

Each stage of sleep has an important role in the sleep cycle. All five stages play their own function in rejuvenating and recharging the body for the next day. This includes hormone regulation, muscle recovery, and memory formation. Without enough time to sleep, most of these functions remain incomplete, resulting in fatigue and sleepiness. We might think that only deep sleep is the important stage, but all the stages are equally essential. Without a full night of sleep, the sleep cycle isn’t complete, and the restoration work remains unfulfilled.

Stage 1 of Sleep

Depending on how tired you are, it takes only a few seconds to enter the first stage of sleep, called the transitional phase. This is a non-REM stage, which means the sleep isn’t deep at all. The sleep in this phase is the lightest. People usually flit in and out of consciousness in this stage. If you are exhausted, it will take you only a few seconds to enter the transitional stage, but if you suffer from insomnia or have delayed sleep onset, it can take you an hour or more. Usually, you can still hear everything that’s going on around you and even the slightest noise can wake you up. It is also normal to toss and turn and try to get comfortable. Waking up from this stage is also quick and easy.

In this stage, sometimes your muscles will jerk, jolting you awake. This is called hypnic myoclonia, sleep twitch, or hypnic jerk. These jerks happen because of involuntary muscular contractions. It has been named after the hypnagogic state which is the transitional phase between wakefulness and sleep. Although not all people experience this, they are very common while a person is drifting off. You might even wake up with a start feeling like you were falling. This stage lasts between one and seven minutes. The first stage leads to the second stage of the sleep cycle.

Stage 2 of Sleep

The second stage of sleep is also a non-REM phase, but it is still deeper than the first stage. This phase is when muscles relax, heartbeats begin to slow down, core body temperature drops, eye movements stop, and the person completely drifts off to sleep. Waking up from this stage isn’t as quick as the first stage because the person is making his way to deep sleep. Although this is also a light sleep stage, a person spends more than 50 percent of his sleep in this phase, making it the longest stage in the cycle.

Stage two of the sleep cycle is the precursor to deep sleep. Electrical activity in the brain occurs at a lower frequency compared to the first stage. Brain waves become smaller, with occasional spurts of rapid waves. This phase lasts between 10 and 20 minutes, leading to the third stage.

Stage 3 of Sleep

The third phase can be called the most important stage of the sleep cycle. Lasting between 10 and 40 minutes, this is the stage when sleep is the deepest. During this phase, the heart rate and breathing are at the lowest, and the person has no consciousness of what is happening around him. Waking up from this stage is difficult; if you wake someone up from this stage of sleep, they will remain groggy and disoriented for some time before awakening fully. This stage is also called slow wave sleep when growth and restorative hormones are released.

These hormones have an important role in the development and nourishment of the body. In infants and children, a significant portion of brain and body development takes places at this sleep stage. Besides the growth, these hormones also aid in appetite control. The growth hormones aid in replenishing muscles and tissues that were used during that day, while the hormone leptin suppresses appetite and limits the feeling of excessive hunger. When a person doesn’t get sufficient sleep, leptin doesn’t function well, leading to a rise in the appetite-inducing hormone ghrelin. This is why lack of sleep has a connection with weight gain and obesity

Stage 4 of Sleep

This is also a non-REM phase, but the sleep is almost like a coma. It takes a long time to wake up from this stage. This stage of the sleep cycle is often compared to a comatose state because the heart rate and the body temperature are at the lowest, resembling a person in a coma. Muscle movements don’t occur in this stage, while the breathing is rhythmic. A person usually doesn’t turn or change sides in this stage because the body is completely immobile. This stage lasts around 30 minutes, around when the delta waves are produced.

The delta waves in the brain are associated with relaxation and sleep. Delta waves also enhance the body’s healing abilities. These slow deep waves are responsible for deep sleep. The higher the delta waves, the deeper the sleep. Delta waves are most commonly found in infants because they sleep the deepest. As a person ages, delta waves are produced less. This is also the stage when bedwetting, night terrors, and sleepwalking occurs. Although the causes are unclear, when these instances happen, the person has no memory of them. Even if a person wakes up briefly during this sleep phase, they soon fall back asleep and have no memory of waking up.

Stage 5 of Sleep or REM Stage

This is the final stage in the sleep cycle and the only REM phase. This stage is different from the other sleep phases because this is when the brain begins to get active. Most adults spend around 20 percent of their entire sleep in this REM stage, while newborns and babies spend about 50 percent. In all the previous stages, both the mind and the body are at rest, healing and recharging. But in the REM stage, the mind starts waking up and getting active, while the body is still inactive. The REM sleep stage is called Rapid Eye Movement phase because the eyes move in various directions behind closed eyelids, but the muscles are immobile to prevent the person from acting out dreams.

In this stage, the breathing is shallow and irregular, while the heart rate and blood pressure begin to rise. This is also the stage when dreams occur. That is why most dreams occur in the early morning because that’s the last phase of the sleep cycle. People wake up after the REM stage, and the body temperature comes to normal.

What Factors Affect Sleep Stages and Sleep Cycles?

Although the sleep cycle is made up of these five stages, the cycle isn’t the same in every individual. When the sleep cycle doesn’t take place normally, it results in sleep disorders. There is no certainty that every person will sleep for eight hours or have five sleep cycles. Some people may wake up even before reaching REM sleep. Certain individuals take a few seconds to drift off to sleep while others take an hour or two. This cycle may naturally be a specific way, because of the changes in the structure and function of the brain during development, or may be affected by various external factors.

More often than not, external factors are responsible for regulating the sleep cycle a certain way. Most important among these factors are:

·       Age of the Person

Most of us are aware that sleep patterns change with age. Over our lifespan, the amount of time we spend sleeping each day gradually declines. Newborns and infants sleep the maximum, anywhere between 16 and 20 hours each day. Children up to the age of four sleep around 11 to 12 hours. As the child grows up, the amount of sleep keeps declining. An adolescent needs around nine hours of sleep each night, although they may not get that much. Adults need at least eight hours no matter how old they grow, but after middle age, the amount gradually drops. The elderly also need eight hours, but poor sleep quality may not always let them get the full amount at one stretch. That is why those who are unable to get the required sleep at night should make up for it some other time during the day.

The decline in sleep amount and quality has been attributed to the delta waves in the brain. These slow and deep brain waves are responsible for causing deep and sound sleep. When delta waves are higher, the sleep quality is at its best. Because newborns and infants have the highest delta waves, their sleep is the deepest and longest. With age, the slow waves decline. Since REM sleep is known to be important for cognitive development, it isn’t surprising that infants and children spend more than 50 percent of the sleep in the REM stage. As the person grows older, the need for REM sleep also drops. Although sleep problems are a normal part of aging, paying attention to the sleep cycle can help improve sleeping patterns.

·       Circadian Rhythm

There is a sleep-wake balancing process that also influences our quality of sleep. We fall asleep only when there is a sleep deficit, and serotonin is acetylated to melatonin. Serotonin is the hormone for relaxation, which helps the body prepare for sleep. It is a precursor to melatonin, the sleep hormone.

This internal, biological clock can vary from one individual to another. Some people may feel sleepy at 8 in the evening while others may stay awake until midnight. Typically, the duration of this biological clock is slightly longer than 24 hours. That is why, the later you go to bed, the later you wake up the next morning. Depending upon the time you go to bed, the body clock adjusts itself. When the adjustment happens naturally, the sleep-wake cycle is free running. Because most humans are diurnal beings, the body clock syncs each day with various external factors like daylight hours, work schedule, etc. The ability of our internal clock to reset according to these factors help keep the circadian rhythm regular and boosts the quality of sleep.

Although this is an internal process, the circadian rhythm is often affected by various external factors, such as working or studying until late, driving at night, or changes in time zones. Jet lag, experienced when traveling across different time zones, takes a toll on the natural internal clock and disrupts the sleep-wake cycle.

·       Previous Wakefulness Period

We can fall asleep quickly and easily only when there is accumulated sleep. For maintaining a healthy sleep cycle, this gap between two sleep sessions is extremely important. There was a time in preindustrial Europe when people used to sleep in two phases. This was governed not by a fixed bedtime, but by whether or not there was anything to do. Back then, there was not much to do in terms of work because industries hadn’t yet begun. There was no electricity, so there was nothing to do at home either. Once dusk fell, people would go to sleep for a few hours, waking up late in the evening for an hour or two. After supper, they would go to sleep again till dawn. This bi-modal sleep was prevalent till a long time.

In our modern lifestyles, it isn’t clear whether this bi-modal sleep pattern will work. Sleep starts accumulating once we wake up in the morning. By late evening, when enough sleep has accumulated, we start to feel tired and drowsy. This indicates that our energy resources are depleted, and we need to recharge. If the gap between two sleep sessions is too small, sleep doesn’t accumulate enough, resulting in delayed sleep onset. That is why people who suffer from insomnia are discouraged from napping because sleeping in the middle of the day shortens the time between the two sleep sessions. The longer you go without sleep, the more your sleep deficit.

·       Ambient or Environmental Factors

Our surroundings play a key role in our sleep cycle. Environmental factors are often among the biggest causes of sleep disorders, although they usually go undiagnosed.  The temperature of the room, ambient noise, light, comfort of the bed, and electronic distractions play a crucial role in the ability to fall and stay asleep. It was found in several studies that those who live in a poorer underprivileged neighborhood are more likely to suffer from sleep issues because of environmental distractions. Passing vehicles till late in the night, noisy neighbors, talking and screaming, loud music and TV, as well as an uncomfortable bed and improper temperature of the room, affect the quality of sleep.

Ambient noise is the greatest environmental factor affecting sleep. From the low hum of the fridge to the ticking of the clock to the TV in the next room to noisy kids upstairs, noises can keep you up at night. An uncomfortable bed is also a potential cause of sleep issues. The wrong mattress, a bed that’s too small, or sheets that cause friction are some of the factors. The type of climate we live in also plays a role in regulating our sleep cycle. Extremely cold regions get a little sun, and people living in such a climate produce more melatonin in response to the low light. Those living in warmer regions are more alert and awake because of constant sunshine and less melatonin production. If not removed, many of these environmental distractions can cause serious sleep disorders in the long run.

·       Stress and Medications

Among other factors that affect the sleep cycle is stress. The stress hormone cortisol is famous for suppressing melatonin production. The higher the level of cortisol, the lower the level of melatonin. The lower the production of melatonin, the poorer your quality of sleep and the higher the production of cortisol. This vicious cycle often has no end if the person fails to address the stressors and lower his level of stress. Unless cortisol is low, melatonin production will not be sufficient. Chronic stress can lead to insomnia, depression, anxiety, and even cardiac problems.

Certain medications, such as beta blockers (given for high blood pressure) and immunosuppressants can lower the production of melatonin and cause sleep disorders. Medications for blood thinning and heart arrhythmia block the neurotransmitters responsible for the production of melatonin. Those who take such medications regularly are also given sleeping aid to counter any sleep issues.

Aside from medications, alcohol, smoking, and other such addictions also suppress the production of melatonin and cause sleep disorders. Artificial light from electronic devices also causes sleep disorders. This is why those who stay in front of the computer for long hours often have difficulty falling asleep because too much of light suppresses melatonin production. Using the phone before going to bed, reading on a backlit device, or keeping a night lamp on contribute to melatonin suppression.

How To Improve Sleep Quality?

External factors affect sleep quality to a great extent, but much of it could also be genetic. If genetics is the driving factor, there isn’t any way to change them, but external factors can always be changed or removed to restore normal sleep. If the sleep cycle is affected by any underlying medical condition like snoring or sleep apnea, then they cannot be cured by making a few external changes. Such sleep disorders require proper diagnosis and treatment.

If you know that your sleep keeps getting disrupted because of ambient factors, there are several steps you can take to minimize the distractions and restore normal sleep.

·       Create A Sleep Cocoon

Your bedroom should be synonymous with sleep; avoid using it for other purposes like working or eating. This is difficult if you don’t have much space in the house, but if you can help it, avoid making your bedroom your office or entertainment corner as best as possible. Make your bedroom your sleep cocoon so that the moment you enter the room, your body gets into relaxation mode. This can be done by removing distractions like electronics, putting up blinds or curtains to keep out ambient lights, prepping the bed. You may also paint the room in a soothing shade, decorating the walls with pictures that make you feel happy and relaxed. Using essential oils like lavender will banish odor and also calm and relax you.

Choose the Right Kind of Mattress

If you have never taken a hard look at the mattress you sleep on, now is the time to. More often than not, people spend most of their lives sleeping on the wrong mattress. Even though the bed is such deeply connected to our sleep quality, we hardly ever stop to notice if we are comfortable enough. A mattress that’s old, worn out, too hot or too cold, too soft or too firm can do more than just ruin your sleep. Sleeping on the wrong mattress for a prolonged period can have far-reaching effects on your health, causing aches and pains in various parts of the anatomy and even leading to serious conditions like cervical spondylitis.

There are several mattress choosing guides available online that help you pick the right mattress depending upon your body weight, sleeping position, and other factors like whether you sleep hot or cold. Depending on the company you choose, you could also have a mattress customized for your needs. Memory foam, innerspring, and latex are some of the popular mattresses today, and they come in various firmness levels. Some are more comfortable than others, but you can always make use of the trial period to find the mattress that suits you best.

·       Avoid Screen Time Before Bed

At least two hours until bedtime, reduce the time you spend in front of a backlit device such as TV, phone, tablet, or computer. If possible, also avoid staying in brightly lit rooms before you go to bed. The lesser you expose yourself to artificial light, the more melatonin is produced, aiding in better sleep. While getting up at night, avoid switching on the lights in the room. Either use footlights or keep a small flashlight handy. Switching on lights in the middle of the night reduces your ability to fall back asleep.

·       Cut Down Caffeine, Alcohol, and Tobacco Consumption

As already discussed, certain substances like caffeine, tobacco, and alcohol block the neurotransmitters responsible for producing melatonin and make us stay alert and awake. Consumption of these substances close to bedtime has been found to aid in sleep loss and insomnia. Even if you smoke or drink at other times of the day, try to avoid it in the two hours leading to bedtime. Avoid all the things that boost metabolism and hinder the production of melatonin close to bedtime, including exercise and other activities that increase your heart rate.

·       Block Ambient Disturbance

If you live in a noisy neighborhood, it can be a potential cause for disrupted sleep. Footsteps above your head, honking vehicles outside your house, or loud music next doors can cause significant distress. You can take measures to prevent this from turning into a nightly affair. Insulation against noise is one of the best solutions against ambient noise. Soundproof glass, carpeting, thick curtains lined with wool, and foam insulation for the walls are some of the measures. If all else fails, consider getting a white noise machine, which drowns out ambient noise by playing some pre-recorded sound like rainfall or ocean waves.

·       Improve Sleep Hygiene

Sleep is all about routine. Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, using crisp clean and comfortable sheets, keeping the room clutter free and well ventilated, and avoiding a heavy meal before bedtime are some of the sleep hygiene measures that can improve sleep quality over time.

Understanding the sleep cycle is often the first step to better sleep quality. When you know, what affects your sleep cycle, you can take measures to cut out distractions and get ample restful sleep every night.

Also, to help you understand the various sleep stages and sleep cycles easily, we have also created an infographic for this.


 Sleep-Stages-and-Sleep-Cycles-Explained-Infographic-SleepSherpa

Infographic Content –

Understanding Stages of Sleep and Sleep Cycles

What Are Sleep Stages? – Characteristics of brain and body defined by brainwave frequencies, and eye and muscle movements. Divided into Rapid Eye Movement (REM) and Non-REM stages.

What is a Sleep Cycle? – The time required to complete five stages of sleep. Typically, it is about 90-120 minutes in an adult, and 50-60 minutes in infants. Four to five sleep cycles per night.

Different Sleep Stages Explained

Stage 1

  • Takes seconds to minutes to slip into this stage
  • Decreasing heartbeat, breathing, and eye movements
  • Transitional phase, relaxed wakefulness before mind begins to drift off
  • Easy to wake up, characterized by muscle jerks leading to falling sensation
  • Typically Lasts one to seven minutes

Stage 2

  • The sleep stage before you enter deep sleep
  • Lasts 10 to 25 minutes
  • Brain waves become smaller with the occasional burst of rapid waves
  • Body temperature drops, eye movements stop and heart rate lowers further
  • An average adult spends 50% sleep cycle time in Stage 2

Stage 3

  • Deep sleep stage
  • Last around 10 to 40 minutes
  • Heart rate, breathing is at lowest levels
  • Muscles are relaxed; difficult to wake up during this stage
  • Body repair, bone and muscle building, immune strengthening occurs

Stage 4

  • Coma-like sleep
  • 10 to 30 minutes are spent in this stage
  • Rhythmic breathing and heart rate; muscle movements extremely limited
  • Brain produces delta waves
  • Night terrors, sleepwalking, bedwetting can occur in this stage

Stage 5 or REM

  • Final stage of sleep cycle where dreaming occurs
  • Around 20% time spent in this stage, may last for one to five minutes
  • Characterized by rapid side to side movement of eyes behind closed eyelids
  • Breathing, heart rate, blood pressure are near wakeful levels
  • Arms and muscles paralyzed to prevent body from acting out dreams

Factors that Affect Sleep Cycles

  • Age – Infants sleep most while as you age, the requirement decreases gradually
  • Gap between previous sleep session
  • Internal body clock and its relation to day or night
  • Certain medications, exercise, smoking, caffeine, screen time
  • Temperature, light and ambient sounds

Controllable Factors to Improve Quality of Sleep

  • Ensure bedroom is free from strong smells, dimly lit, and temperature set to comfort
  • Get a mattress that suits your sleeping style
  • Avoid screen time, smoking, exercising or consuming too much food
  • Soft and cool sheets on mattress
  • Insulation from noisy environment or use white noise machine

Sources

 

;